Abstract

Conclusion. This study maps the growth of PBL research in mathematics education and highlights future directions, including AI and transdisciplinary approaches. These insights support the development of more innovative and technology-based practices

Keywords: Problem-Based Learning, mathematics education, schools, educational technology, STEM

Aba-Oli, Z., Koyas, K., & Husen, A. (2024). Higher-order thinking skills-oriented problem-based learning interventions in mathematics: a systematic literature review. School Science and Mathematics, n/a(n/a), 1–18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12676

Abushkin, H. K. H., Kharitonova, A. A., Khvastunov, N. N., & Gorshunov, M. V. (2018). Problem-based learning in secondary school: status and prospects. Cypriot Journal of Educational Science, 13(4), 444–450. https://doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v13i4.3896

Al Said, R. S., Du, X., Al Khatib, H. A. H. M., Romanowski, M. H., & Barham, A. I. I. (2019). Math teachers' beliefs, practices, and belief change in implementing problem-based learning in Qatari primary governmental schools. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 15(5). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/105849

Amiruddin, A., Baharuddin, F. R., Takbir, T., & Setialaksana, W. (2023). May student-centered principles affect active learning and its counterpart? An empirical study of Indonesian curriculum implementation. SAGE Open, 13(4), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231214375

Arifin, S., Setyosari, P., Sa’dijah, C., & Kuswandi, D. (2020). The effect of problem-based learning by cognitive style on critical thinking skills and students’ retention. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 10(2), 271–281. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.790

Attard, C., Berger, N., & Mackenzie, E. (2021). The positive influence of inquiry-based learning teacher professional learning and industry partnerships on student engagement with STEM. Frontiers in Education, 6, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.693221

Caroni, A., & Nikoulina, A. (2021). Problem-based learning in online settings during COVID-19. International Journal of Management, Knowledge and Learning, 10, 21–30. https://doi.org/10.53615/2232-5697.10.21-30

Chen, J., Kolmos, A., & Du, X. (2021). Forms of implementation and challenges of PBL in engineering education: a review of literature. European Journal of Engineering Education, 46(1), 90–115. https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2020.1718615

Darmawansah, D., Hwang, G. J., Chen, M. R. A., & Liang, J. C. (2023). Trends and research foci of robotics-based STEM education: a systematic review from diverse angles based on the technology-based learning model. International Journal of STEM Education, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-023-00400-3

Dorimana, A., Uworwabayeho, A., & Nizeyimana, G. (2022). Enhancing upper secondary learners’ problem-solving abilities using problem-based learning in mathematics. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 21(8), 235–252. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.21.8.14

Goos, M., Carreira, S., & Namukasa, I. K. (2023). Mathematics and interdisciplinary STEM education: recent developments and future directions. ZDM - Mathematics Education, 55(7), 1199–1217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-023-01533-z

Guo, Y. M., Huang, Z. L., Guo, J., Li, H., Guo, X. R., & Nkeli, M. J. (2019). Bibliometric analysis on smart cities research. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11133606

Inpinit, J., & Inprasit, U. (2016). The effect of using PBL with the STEM education concept on the development of mathematical conceptual understanding. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1775. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4965157

Izzati, L. R. (2021). The effect of problem-based learning to improve students’ metacognition skills in solving mathematical problems based on cognitive style. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1918(4). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1918/4/042073

Jadhav, M., Shaligram, D., Bernstein, B., DeJong, S., Hunt, J., Ong, S. H., Guerrero, A., & Skokauskas, N. (2023). Five lessons for effectively transitioning problem-based learning to online delivery. International Medical Education, 2(1), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.3390/ime2010004

Junianto, & Wijaya, A. (2019). Developing students’ mathematical literacy through problem based learning. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1320. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1320/1/012035

Kaledio, P., Robert, A., & Frank, L. (2024). The impact of artificial intelligence on students’ learning experience. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4716747

Karan, E., & Brown, L. (2022). Enhancing student’s problem -solving skills through project-based learning. Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, 10(1), 74–87. https://doi.org/10.54337/ojs.jpblhe.v10i1.6887

Lopez-Caudana, E., Ramirez-Montoya, M. S., Martínez-Pérez, S., & Rodríguez-Abitia, G. (2020). Using robotics to enhance active learning in mathematics: a multi-scenario study. Mathematics, 8(12), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/math8122163

Magaji, A., Adjani, M., & Coombes, S. (2024). A systematic review of preservice science teachers’ experience of problem-based learning and implementing it in the classroom. Education Sciences, 14(3), 301. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14030301

Magdalena, I., Fadhillahwati, N. F., Amalia, R., & Farhana, S. (2023). Improving mathematics learning outcomes through problem based learning (PBL) learning model for 4Th grade students. Romeo Review of Multidisciplinary Education Culture and Pedagogy, 2(2), 78–82. https://doi.org/10.55047/romeo.v2i2.692

Meke, K. D. P., Jailani, J., Wutsqa, D. U., & Alfi, H. D. (2019). Problem based learning using manipulative materials to improve student interest of mathematics learning. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1157(3). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1157/3/032099

Nasrum, A., Salido, A., & Chairuddin, C. (2025). Unveiling emerging trends and potential research themes in future ethnomathematics studies: a global bibliometric analysis (from inception to 2024). International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 24(2), 206–226. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.24.2.11

Ng, W., & Fergusson, J. (2020). Engaging high school girls in interdisciplinary STEAM. Science Education International, 31(3), 283–294. https://doi.org/10.33828/sei.v31.i3.7

Nisa’, K., Nasrullah, A., Hidayat, A., Mahuda, I., & Bhat, I. A. (2023). Problem-based learning in improving problem-solving ability and interest in learning mathematics: an empirical study. International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education, 1(3), 206–217. https://doi.org/10.56855/ijmme.v1i3.725

Nurlaily, V. A., Soegiyanto, H., & Usodo, B. (2019). Elementary school teachers’ obstacles in the implementation of problem-based learning model in mathematics learning. In Journal on Mathematics Education (Vol. 10, Issue 2, pp. 229–238). https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.10.2.5386.229-238

Passas, I. (2024). Bibliometric analysis: the main steps. Encyclopedia, 4(2), 1014–1025. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia4020065

Prasetya, D. D., Wibawa, A. P., Hirashima, T., & Hayashi, Y. (2020). Designing rich interactive content for blended learning: A case study from Indonesia. Electronic Journal of E-Learning, 18(4), 276–287. https://doi.org/10.34190/EJEL.20.18.4.001

Putri, D. A. A., Haryanto, H., Ardiansyah, A. R., Kumullah, R., Salido, A., & Kenedi, A. K. (2023). The augmented reality for mathematics learning in Scopus database: a bibliometric analysis. International Conference on Teaching and Learning, 1, 202–216. 

Rehman, N., Huang, X., Mahmood, A., AlGerafi, M. A. M., & Javed, S. (2024). Project-based learning as a catalyst for 21st-Century skills and student engagement in the math classroom. Heliyon, 10(23), e39988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39988

Rézio, S., Andrade, M. P., & Teodoro, M. F. (2022). Problem-based learning and applied mathematics. Mathematics, 10(16), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/math10162862

Roberts, T., Maiorca, C., Jackson, C., & Mohr-Schroeder, M. (2022). Integrated STEM as problem-solving practices. Investigations in Mathematics Learning, 14(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/19477503.2021.2024721

Salido, A., Haryanto, H., Kenedi, A. K., & Putri, D. A. A. (2024). The use of artificial intelligence in primary school mathematics: A bibliometric analysis. International Journal of Theory and Application in Elementary and Secondary School Education (IJTAESE), 6(1), 13–26. https://doi.org/10.33830/ijtaease.v5i2.1670

Salido, A., Sugiman, S., Fauziah, P. Y., Kausar, A., Haskin, S., & Azhar, M. (2024). Parental involvement in students’ mathematics activities: a bibliometric analysis. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 20(10), 1–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/15179

Smith, K., Maynard, N., Berry, A., Stephenson, T., Spiteri, T., Corrigan, D., Mansfield, J., Ellerton, P., & Smith, T. (2022). Principles of problem-based learning (PBL) in STEM education: using expert wisdom and research to frame educational practice. Education Sciences, 12(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12100728

Sohrabi, C., Mathew, G., Franchi, T., Kerwan, A., Griffin, M., Soleil C Del Mundo, J., Ali, S. A., Agha, M., & Agha, R. (2021). Impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on scientific research and implications for clinical academic training – A review. International Journal of Surgery, 86(November 2020), 57–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.12.008

Sukasno, S., Friansah, D., & Purwasi, L. A. (2018). Problem-based learning model in Elpsa framework on mathematical learning process in junior high school. Infinity Journal, 7(2), 183. https://doi.org/10.22460/infinity.v7i2.p183-190

Tahiri, Z. (2024). Benefits and drawbacks of project-based learning in upper secondary EFL classrooms. International Scientific Journal Monte, 9(2), 93–101. https://doi.org/10.33807/monte.20243141

Thomassen, A. O., & Stentoft, D. (2020). Educating students for a complex future: why integrating a problem analysis in problem-based learning has something to offer. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 14(2 Special Issue), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.14434/ijpbl.v14i2.28804

Verborgh, R., & De Wilde, M. (2013). Using OpenRefine: the essential OpenRefine guide that takes you from data analysis and error fixing to linking your dataset to the Web. In Community Experience Distilled (1st ed). Packt Publishing Ltd.

Wijayanto, B., Sumarmi, S., Utomo, D. H., Handoyo, B., & Aliman, M. (2023). Problem-based learning using e-module: does it effect on student’s high order thinking and learning interest in studying geography? Journal of Technology and Science Education, 13(3), 613–631. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1965

Wiradnyana, I. G. A., Lasmawan, I. W., Suastra, I. W., & Suarni, N. K. (2024). Problem-based learning with Tri Kaya Parisudha model to improve the mathematical problem-solving skills and character of elementary school students. Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental, 18(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.24857/RGSA.V18N2-133

Yu, L., & Zin, Z. M. (2023). The critical thinking-oriented adaptations of problem-based learning models: a systematic review. Frontiers in Education, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1139987

Žakelj, A., Cotič, M., & Doz, D. (2024). Evaluating the impact of active and experiential learning in mathematics: an experimental study on eighth-grade student outcomes. Cogent Education, 11(1), 2436698. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2024.2436698

Zhang, F., Wang, H., Bai, Y., & Zhang, H. (2022). A bibliometric analysis of the landscape of problem-based learning research (1981–2021). Frontiers in Psychology, 13(March), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.828390