Volume 19 (2025) Download Cover Page

The Effectiveness of Developing a Geography Study Unit in Light of Nanotechnology in Improving Systemic Thinking and Environmental Intelligence Skills among Students in Jordan

Article Number: e2025600  |  Available Online: December 2025  |  DOI: 10.22521/edupij.2025.19.600

Dalal S. Alkaldi , Hani H. Obeidat

Abstract

Background/purpose. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of developing a geography unit on nanotechnology in enhancing students' skills, systemic thinking, and environmental intelligence in Jordan.  

Materials/methods.  A quasi-experimental approach was followed to achieve the study's objectives. To collect data, the systemic thinking test and the environmental intelligence test were developed. The tools were applied to a group of 60 ninth-grade female students from Al-Karama Secondary Mixed School, affiliated with the Northern Badia Directorate. The participants were divided into two groups: 30 students in the experimental group, who studied according to the developed unit, and 30 students in the control group, who studied according to the usual (non-developed) unit.

Results. Results of the study indicated statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the systemic thinking and environmental intelligence tests, favoring the experimental group. The effect size for the developed unit was 55.6% for systemic thinking and 49% for the environmental intelligence test.

Conclusion. The study recommended introducing nanotechnology concepts into the development processes of social studies curricula.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, geography, systemic thinking, environmental intelligence

References

Abdul Latif, N. (2021). A proposed unit in nanoscience and technology, and its impact on developing creative thinking skills. Educational and Social Studies, Helwan University.

Abdulrahman, S., Al-Shawafah, & Al-Qaud, I. (2020). Developing an Educational Unit from the Geography Textbook for the Ninth Grade Using Interactive E-Book and Measuring Its Effect on Enhancing Geographic Problem-Solving Skills and Students' Attitudes Towards It in Jordan, Unpublished Ph.D thesis, Yarmouk University, Jordan.

Abu Maghnam, K., & Ahmed, M. (2021). The effectiveness of a developed unit of the geography curriculum in light of the "Needham Constructivist" model in developing the depth of geographical knowledge and values of cultural diversity among third-grade preparatory students. Journal of Educational Sciences, Imam University, 26(1), 91–15.

Ahmed, S. (2015). The effectiveness of a proposed program in nanotechnology for developing nanotechnology concepts and awareness of its environmental applications among science department students at the College of Education. Journal of Scientific Education, 6(18), 139–74.

Akkuzu, N. (2016). Towards a profound ecological understanding: Statistical attempts to measure our ecological intelligence. International Journal of Social and Education, 2(6), 198–216.

Al-Iskandarani, M. (2010). Nanotechnology for a Better Tomorrow. Knowledge Science, Kuwait.

Al-Kayyale, M., Afifi, S., & Mohamed, R. (2023). Psychometric Characteristics of the Systemic ic ic Thinking Scale. Journal of Psychological Guidance, 3(73), 266–234.

Al-Kubaisi, A. W. (2010). Systematic Thinking and Its Application in Learning and Teaching. Dar De Bono is responsible for publishing and distribution in Amman.

Al-Qamash, M., & Al-Jawalda, F. (2016). Teaching Thinking. Dar Al-Thaqafa is responsible for publishing and distribution in Amman.

Al-Riyami, B., & Al-Najjar, N. (2022). The effectiveness of an educational enrichment program based on an environmental approach to incorporating nanotechnology applications, Unpublished Ph.D thesis, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat.

Al-Saadi, Y., & Abdul Wahab, M. (2019). The level of systemic thinking among teachers of basic education colleges and its relation to their students' creative thinking. Journal of Intelligence Research, 28(13), 61-45.

Al-Sabahin, E. (2006). Developing Social Studies Curricula for Basic Education in Jordan in Light of Assessing It Based on Expected Educational Outcomes, Unpublished Ph.D thesis, Arab Open University.

Ayad, F. (2017). The level of awareness of nanotechnology among technology teachers, Al-Aqsa University Journal, 1(21), 217–175.

Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika. 16: 297-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02310555

Dorouka, P., Kalogiannakis, M., & Blonder, B. (2024). Tablets and Apps for Promoting Nanoliteracy in Early Childhood Education: Results from an Experimental Study, Journal of Science Education and Technology, 33(6):910-927. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-024-10132-w

Eid, S. (2021). A proposed program in nanoscience and technology (NST) to develop evaluative thinking skills and awareness of nanotechnology issues and its biological and environmental applications among science students and teachers, Scientific Journal, Assiut University, 37(12), 1–59.

Ghraibeh, S., & Bani Khalid, K. (2021). The reality of integrating the standards of the American national project. Zarqa Journal for Research and Human Studies, 2(22), 263–253.

Jad, I. (2022). A proposed program in environmental nanotechnology to develop environmental problem-solving skills and strategic thinking among student teachers. Egyptian Journal of Scientific Education, 1 (25), 44-1.

Kheilawi, A., Al-Nawajha, Z., & Masri, I. (2022). Systemic thinking and its relation to educational agility among special education teachers in Riyadh. Journal of Al-Quds Open University for Educational and Psychological Research and Studies, 40(13), 32-13.

Mainaki, R., Kastolani, W., & Setiawani. (2018). Ecological intelligence level of high school students in Cimahi City. SHS Web of Conferences, 42(62), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184200062

Mandiracks, A., Michailidi, E., & Dimitris, S. (2020). Teaching nanotechnology in primary education. Research in Science & Technology in Education, 4(38), 377–395. https://doi.org/10.1080/02635143.2019.1631783

Sandougqh, M. (2019). Developing Two Units of the Geography Textbook for the Tenth Grade in Light of the Geographic Inquiry Curriculum and Measuring Its Effect on Students' Acquisition of Geographic Concepts and Critical Thinking Skills in Jordan, Unpublished Ph.D thesis, Jordan University, Amman.

Shahada, H. (2011). Nanotechnology: The Future of Humanity. Taiba Publishing and Distribution, Cairo.

Thakir, R., & Al-Masri, A. (2020). A proposed concept for a mathematics unit for middle school in light of nanotechnology standards. Journal of Educational Sciences, Imam University, 1(26), 136-71.