Promoting Achievement in English Vocabulary Among EFL Undergraduate Students Using Kagan's Cooperative Learning Approach
Article Number: e2025201 | Available Online: May 2025 | DOI: 10.22521/edupij.2025.16.201
Isnaini Eddy Saputro , Rudi Hartono , Mursid Saleh , Abdurrachman Faridi
Full text PDF |
2502 |
1422
Abstract
|
Background/purpose. This study examines how well EFL students perform in English language learning using Kagan's Cooperative Learning Approach (KCLA). Conventional teaching approaches frequently fail to actively involve students, which lowers achievement. With an emphasis on teamwork and active engagement, this study seeks to ascertain whether KCLA may provide EFL students with a more successful learning approach. Materials/methods. In a quasi-experimental study design, a control group that used traditional teaching techniques was contrasted with an experimental group that used Kagan's Cooperative Learning Approach. Pre- and post-intervention vocabulary tests were given over ten sessions to evaluate achievement in English vocabulary learning. Results. According to the results, students in the KCLA group fared noticeably better than those in the control group in terms of achievement in English vocabulary proficiency. According to statistical analysis, the experimental group's mean scores and standard deviation were significantly more significant than the control group. The improvements were ascribed to high cognitive engagement, teamwork, and active involvement, all made possible by Kagan's CLA. |
Conclusion. The results showed that students in the KCLA group fared noticeably better than those in the control group in terms of achievement in English vocabulary proficiency. According to statistical analysis, the experimental group's mean scores and standard deviation were significantly higher than those of the control group. The improvements were ascribed to high cognitive engagement, teamwork, and active involvement, all made possible by Kagan's CLA.
Keywords: learning vocabulary, English learning achievement, Kagan’s structure, cooperative learning
ReferencesAbd Karim, R., & Awaludin, F. A. (2020). Developing primary school students’ English communication skills and team building through the fan-n-pick learning model. European Journal of English Language Teaching. https://doi.org/10.46827/ejel.v0i0.2976
Abdulwahhab, M. L., & Hashim, B. H. (2020). The effect of cooperative learning strategy on engagement in architectural education. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 881, No. 1, p. 012004). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/881/1/012004
Akramy, S. A., Noori, A. Q., Orfan, S. N., & Hashemi, A. (2022). Effective techniques of teaching vocabulary in Afghan EFL classrooms. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 7(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-022-00151-8
Ambia, C. (2018). Improving the vocabulary mastery of the eight-year students of SMP Negeri 13 Parepare through the fan-n-pick technique. La Parole: Journal of Language Teaching and Pedagogy, 1(2), 85–93. https://doi.org/10.31850/laparole.v1i2.2424
Andreu Andrés, M. Á. (2016). Cooperative or collaborative learning: Is there a difference in university students’ perceptions? Revista Complutense de Educación. https://doi.org/10.5209/rev_RCED.2016.v27.n3.47398
Astuti, N. (2019). Language learning strategies used by high and low achievers in speaking classes in the English language education study program (Doctoral dissertation). Universitas Brawijaya.
Astuti, P., & Lammers, J. C. (2017). Making EFL Instruction More CLT-Oriented through Individual Accountability in Cooperative Learning. TEFLIN Journal: A Publication on the Teaching & Learning of English, 28(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v28i2/236-259
Battu, R., & Beesupogu, V. (2015). Enhancing the regional medium students’ vocabulary using self-directive learning techniques. American Research Journal of English and Literature, 1(1), 8-11. https://doi.org/10.21694/2378-9026.15026
Beiki, M., Raissi, R., & Gharagozloo, N. (2020). The differences between Iranian EFL teachers’ perceptions and their instructional practices regarding the cooperative learning. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 7(1), https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2020.1847420
Bekteshi, E., & Avdiu, E. (2024). Literature in English as a foreign language: A case study with higher education students. Novitas-ROYAL (Research on Youth and Language), 18(2), 61–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13623965
Bilen, D., & Tavil, Z. M. (2015). The effects of cooperative learning strategies on vocabulary skills of 4th-grade students. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 3(6), 151-165. https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v3i6.1062
Chophel, Y. (2021). Effect of Kagan cooperative learning structures on learning achievement: An experimental study. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Explorer, 1(9), 124-132. https://doi.org/10.1022/IJMRE.2021318451
Çolak, E. (2015). The effect of cooperative learning on the learning approaches of students with different learning styles. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 59, 17–34. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2015.59.2
Dobakhti, L., Zohrabi, M., & Tadayyon, P. (2020). An investigation into the usability of rote and mnemonic strategies for vocabulary education among elementary EFL learners. Teaching English Language, 14(2), 301-321. https://doi.org/10.22132/TEL.2020.119162
Fraenkel, J., Wallen, N., & Hyun, H. (1993). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education 10th ed. McGraw-Hill Education.
Hadi, S., Soetjipto, B. E., & Rahayu, W. P. (2018). Implementation collaboration of learning model jigsaw and fan-n-pick to improve student motivation and learning outcomes. Journal of Education and Practice, 9(12), 14-19. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234641541.pdf
Harjono, H. S. (2011). Is cooperative learning better than individual learning in reading comprehension workshops? Tekno-Pedagogi: Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.22437/teknopedagogi.v1i1.666
Hengki, H., Jabu, B., & Salija, K. (2017). The effectiveness of cooperative learning strategy through English village for teaching speaking skills. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 8(2), 306-312. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0802.12
Hong, Y., Chen, L. G., Huang, J. H., Tsai, Y. Y., & Chang, T. Y. (2022). The impact of cooperative learning method on the learners' oral proficiency of the training program for English tourist guides. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 866863. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.866863
Jahanbakhsh, A. A., AliAsgariZamani, M., & Garman, Z. (2019). CIRC and STAD in Iranian context: Through the five elements to cooperative learning of lexical collocations. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 6(1), 1692469. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2019.1692469
Keramati, M. R., & Gillies, R. M. (2022). Perceptions of undergraduate students on the effect of cooperative learning on academic achievement. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 14(1), 440-452. https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-07-2020-0239
Li, M., & Lam, B. H. (2013). Cooperative learning, vol. 1 The Hong Kong Institute of Education, 33.
Llamosas Corrales, L. E. (2011). Teaching vocabulary learning strategies: a vocabulary improvement program (VIP) for EFL beginner students from Centro Cultural Peruano Norteamericano Arequipa. https://hdl.handle.net/11042/1797
Manyak, P. C., Manyak, A. M., & Kappus, E. M. (2021). Lessons from a decade of research on multifaceted vocabulary instruction. The Reading Teacher, 75(1), 27-39. https://doi.org/10.1002/trtr.2010
Namaziandost, E., Shatalebi, V., & Nasri, M. (2019). The Impact of Cooperative Learning on Developing Speaking Ability and Motivation Toward Learning English. Journal of Language and Education, 5(3), 83-101. https://doi.org/10.17323/jle.2019.9809
Nation, P., & Coxhead, A. (2014). Vocabulary size research at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. Language Teaching, 47(3), 398-403. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444814000111
Nguyen, C., Trinh, T., Le, D., & Nguyen, T. (2021). Cooperative learning in English language classrooms: teachers' perceptions and actions. Anatolian Journal of Education, 6(2), 89-108. https://doi.org/10.29333/aje.2021.628a
Nurdianasari, N., Fattah, H., & Budi, E. S. (2017). The Implementation of Quiz-Quiz-Trade and Fan-N-Pick Learning Model to Enhance Social Skills and Cognitive Learning Outcome of Social Studies. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 6(6), 81-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i6/3005
Pratiwi, D. I., & Waluyo, B. (2022). Integrating task and game-based learning into an online TOEFL preparatory course during the COVID-19 outbreak at two Indonesian higher education institutions. Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction (MJLI), 19(2), 37-67. https://doi.org/10.32890/mjli2022.19.2.2
Ramadhan, A., & Adawiyah, S. L. R. (2020). The effect of Word webbing structure on the student’s vocabulary mastery. Vision Journal, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.30829/vis.v16i2.812
Ratama, I. P., Padmadewi, N. N., & Artini, L. P. (2021). Teaching the 21st century skills (4Cs) in English literacy activities. Journal of Education Research and Evaluation, 5(2), 223-233. https://doi.org/10.23887/jere.v5i2.30849
Rungwaraphong, P. (2020). Using glosses for vocabulary assistance in Thai EFL reading classes: An investigation of preferences, effective types and elements. Electr. J. Foreign Lang. Teach, 17, 301-317. http://dx.doi.org/10.56040/pyrw1726
San Mateo-Valdehíta, A., & de Diego, C. C. (2021). Receptive and productive vocabulary acquisition: effectiveness of three types of tasks. Results from French students of Spanish as second language. Onomázein, (51), 37-56. https://doi.org/10.7764/onomazein.51.05
Saputro, I. E., Hartono, R., Saleh, M., & Faridi, A. (2024). Vocabulary acquisition perceptions using Kagan’s fan-n-pick among Papua and non-Papua Students for Sustainable Development Goals in Indonesia. Evolutionary Studies in Imaginative Culture, 8, 373-387. http://dx.doi.org/10.70082/esiculture.vi.697193-220
Shana, Z., Lahiani, H., & Mahmoud, S. (2020). The effects of Kagan structures on UAE sixth grade students’ performance of reading comprehension: a pilot study. Education, 3-13, 48(8), 988-999. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2019.1687555
Sharma, V. (2022). Letting the struggling Saudi EFL readers take lead: How teachers transform English language instruction. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 13(3), 533-540. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1303.09
Silvia, A., & Zuhriyah, M. (2024). The Effectiveness of Using Fan-N-Pick Strategy towards Students’ Vocabulary Mastery. EJI (English Journal of Indragiri): Studies in Education, Literature, and Linguistics, 8(2), 307-322. https://doi.org/10.61672/eji.v8i2.2729
Singay. (2020). An investigation into using Kagan cooperative learning model to enhance English oral communication ability of Bhutanese students. PASSA: A Journal of Language Teaching and Learning, 59(1), 20-47. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.pasaa.59.1.2
Thinley, K. D., Ghalley, D. M., & Tshering, D. (2021). The Impact of Kagan’s Cooperative Learning Structure (KCLS) on Grade 9 Students towards English Language Learning. Contemporary Education and Teaching Research, 2(2), 21-26. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewCETR2021020206
Tinmaz, H., & Ozturk, Y. E. (2022). Analysis of student attitudes towards cooperative learning in a collectivist culture: a case of South Korea. Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning, 12(6), 1154-1168. https://doi.org/10.1108/HESWBL-12-2021-0237
Tran, V. D., Nguyen, T. M. L., Van De, N., Soryaly, C., & Doan, M. N. (2019). does cooperative learning may enhance the use of students' learning strategies? International Journal of Higher Education, 8(4), 79-88. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v8n4p79
Türkmen, G. N., & Cesur, K. (2024). Internationalization of a regional children’s song for teaching English to young learners. Novitas-ROYAL (Research on Youth and Language), 18(1), 1–17. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10876861
Uchihara, T., Eguchi, M., & Clenton, J. (2022). The contribution of guessing from context and dictionary use to receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge: A structural equation modelling approach. Language Teaching Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/13621688221122138
Wahyuni, S. N., Taufiq, W., Santoso, D. R., Mat, K. S., & Teh, M. Z. M. (2019). Word webbing is an effective technique for teaching descriptive writing. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 8(2), 286–297. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v8-i2/5814
Watcyn-Jones, P., & Johnston, O. (2002). Test Your Vocabulary. Book 3. Pearson Education Limited.
Watcyn-Jones, P. (2000). Test your vocabulary. Book 1. Pearson Education Limited.
Zhou, T., Wang, H., & Li, D. (2023). Focusing on the value of cooperative learning in physical education: A bibliometric analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1300986. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1300986